PAL

Ptolemaeus Arabus et Latinus

_ (the underscore) is the placeholder for exactly one character.
% (the percent sign) is the placeholder for no, one or more than one character.
%% (two percent signs) is the placeholder for no, one or more than one character, but not for blank space (so that a search ends at word boundaries).

At the beginning and at the end, these placeholders are superfluous.

lower culmination ‘culmination’

English

References: Alm. Toomer: 76
Translation of:
Greek: ὑπὸ γῆν μεσουράνησις [Alm. Heiberg: II.2, 90:25]
Synonyms:
culmination[Alm. Toomer: 42]
upper culmination[Alm. Toomer: 76]