PAL

Ptolemaeus Arabus et Latinus

_ (the underscore) is the placeholder for exactly one character.
% (the percent sign) is the placeholder for no, one or more than one character.
%% (two percent signs) is the placeholder for no, one or more than one character, but not for blank space (so that a search ends at word boundaries).

At the beginning and at the end, these placeholders are superfluous.

مبدأ‘starting point’

Arabic

References: PH Morelon: I.2:2, 17:13
Translation of:
Greek: ἀρχή [Alm. Heiberg: I.2, 9:12. – PH Heiberg: I.2:2, 72:16]
Modern translations:
French: commencement [PH Morelon: I.2:2, 16:23]
German: Anfangspunkt [PH Nix: I.2:2, 73:21]
Synonyms:
الأصول[Alm. MS Tunis: I.2:26, f. 2v:11]
المبادئ[Alm. MS Leiden: I.2:26, f. 3r:32]