PAL

Ptolemaeus Arabus et Latinus

_ (the underscore) is the placeholder for exactly one character.
% (the percent sign) is the placeholder for no, one or more than one character.
%% (two percent signs) is the placeholder for no, one or more than one character, but not for blank space (so that a search ends at word boundaries).

At the beginning and at the end, these placeholders are superfluous.

اختلاف ‘anomaly’

Arabic

References: PH Morelon: I.1:5, 17:5; I.2:3, 17:17
Translation of:
Greek: ἀνωμαλία [PH Heiberg: I.1:5, 72:3; I.2:3, 72:20]
Modern translations:
French: anomalie [PH Morelon: I.1:5, 16:8; I.2:3, 16:30]
German: Verschiedenheit [PH Nix: I.1:5, 73:1]
German: Unregelmäßigkeit [PH Nix: I.2:3, 73:28-29]