PAL

Ptolemaeus Arabus et Latinus

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London, British Library, Add. 23570

[Colour scanned images of the textblock and covers.]
Collection of five main works and a large number of fragments: Arabic and Persian.  Date:

Jumādā l-thāniya–Rajab 1014/​October–November 1605 (62r, 69v, 82r) and Dhū l-qaʿda 1018/​January-February 1610 (24r).

Or.:

Qom and Yazd (24r, 62r, 82r); copied by Abū l-Qāsim al-Ḥusaynī al-Astarābādī, known as Mīr Findiriskī (12r, 24r, 62r, 69v, 75r).

Prov.:

smudged round seal (2r). Undated seal of Colonel Robert Taylor (1788–1852), political resident in Baghdad (7r, 14r, 30r, 62r, 70r, 76r, 117v); note on the purchase from his widow in April 1860 (back flyleaves). Inscription ‘Mus. Brit. Bibl. Taylor’ on the spine; red stamp of the British Museum (2r, 120v, 134v, 135v). Old shelfmarks: ‘Plut. CCXXXI. A.’ (spine); ‘O.R. 24 Ad’ (inner back cover, with ‘231d’ crossed out).

Cod.: paper, 136 ff. (foliated with Arabic-European numerals in pencil, skipping one leaf after f. 6 and two after f. 116; eight slips of paper bound into the codex [ff. 31, 33, 38, 39, 42, 65, 67, 110]; catchwords only on ff. 25v–30r). A main nastaʿlīq hand in black; textual dividers and chapter titles in red or overlined in red; diagrams with red lines and black labels (12v–13r). The first and last treatises written by this hand more spaciously arranged, with 17 lines per page (2v–24r, 117v–133v); in between denser and smaller writing with 18–19 lines per page (30v–69v) and even denser script with narrower margins and 20–22 lines per page (70v–85r); ff. 86v–117r may have been written by the same hand, but the arrangement of the fragments is completely irregular. A table of contents (7r) and some title pages (e.g., 14r, 76r) by a different hand in red. Another, less careful naskh hand, with minimal marginal space and 21 lines per page (25v–30r). Some of the fragments in other, faster hands (e.g., 13r). Codex in good condition; moisture stains mostly on the edges, not affecting the readability; very minor damage by insects. Dimensions: 16.9×6.9 cm. Red leather covers with a central mandorla and two pendants, slightly worn at the edges. Type III binding.

Cont.: mathematics, astronomy, geometry, optics. — Index: a fragment from Abū Isḥāq b. ʿAbd Allāh’s commentary on Niẓam al-Dīn al-Nīsābūrī, al-Risāla al-Shamsiyya fī l-ḥisāb (2v–3v); notes in Arabic and Persian, including one pertaining to Euclid’s Optics (4v–6r); incomplete table of contents, written in a hand different from the main hand (7r); al-ʿAmilī, Ṣafīḥat al-imkān fī l-aṣṭurlāb (7v–12r); anonymous, Fī Maʿrifat qadr al-masāfa bayna l-baladayn (12v); a Persian fragment attributed to Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī (13r); Fakhr al-Dīn al-Bihishtī Isfarāʾinī, Mā lā budda li-l-faqīh min al-ḥisāb (14r–24r); poems in Arabic, one attributed to al-Mutanabbī (24r–v); anonymous commentary on a fragment from an unknown geometrical work on chords (25v–28r); anonymous, Masʾala fī kayfiyyat wazn al-ārāḍī wa-amākin (29v–30r); al-Ṭūsī, 〈TaḥrīrKitāb al-Ukar li-Thāwudhūsiyūs (tr. Qusṭā b. Lūqā, revised by Thābit b. Qurra) (30v–62r); al-Ṭūsī, 〈TaḥrīrKitāb al-Kura al-mutaḥarrika li-Awṭūlūqus (tr. Thābit b. Qurra) (62v–69v); notes in Arabic and Persian (70r); al-Ṭūsī, 〈TaḥrīrKitāb Thāwudhūsiyūs fī l-Layl wa-l-nahār (tr. Isḥāq b. Ḥunayn) (70v–75r, incomplete); al-Ṭūsī, 〈TaḥrīrKitāb Thāwudhūsiyūs fī l-Masākin (tr. Qusṭā b. Lūqā) (76r–82r); Ptolemaica (83v–84v); anonymous fragment on a treatise by al-Khafrī (84v–85r); geometrical fragment taken from al-Ṭūsī’s recension of Euclid’s Elements (86v–88r); al-Ṭūsī, Risāla fī Inʿikās al-shuʿāʿāt wa-inʿiṭāfi-hā (88v–89v); an anonymous fāʾida (89v); Sharḥ al-Muṣādara al-sādisa (90r); anonymous geometrical fāʾida (90v–91r); a short Persian poem on chess by Sharaf al-Dīn ʿAlī and a note on a mathematical ratio (91v); al-Bīrūnī, Fī Maʿrifat samt al-qibla, taken from his Taḥdīd nihāyāt al-amākin li-taṣḥīḥ masāfāt al-masākin (91v–92r); al-Ṭūsī, fragment concerning samt al-qibla (92v); a list of the sciences and related notes on the categories and petitio principii from unknown sources, one with reference to al-Ṭūsī’s Sharḥ Majisṭī (92v–93r); anonymous work on catoptrics (94r–95r); anonymous, Aghrāḍ maqālāt Uqlīdis (95v–96r); unknown fragment (96r); anonymous, Risāla fī Taḥqīq al-ṣubḥ al-kādhib (96r–97r); three notes (97r); anonymous, Fī Maʿrifat ruʾyat al-ahilla fī kull burj wa-kull shahr shuhūr al-ʿarab (97r); anonymous, al-Ashkāl allatī fī l-maqāla al-ūlā min Kitāb al-Usṭuqussāt li-Uqlīdis fī l-uṣūl, accompanied by various notes (97v–98r); Qāḍī-Zāda al-Rūmī, extracts from his commentary on al-Jaghminī’s Mulakhkhaṣ (98v–99r); a comment by al-Qushjī on an unknown treatise (99r–v); a comment by al-Dawānī (99v–100r); four unidentified fragments, accompanied by marginal notes (100v–101r); brief quotes (101v–102r); anonymous, treatise on al-ṣubḥ al-kādhib (102r); astronomical fāʾidas ascribed to al-Qūshjī (102v–103r); short astronomical notes in Persian: Fī istiʿlām al-mayl al-awwal …, ʿIbārat-i Zīj-i Jadīd …, Fī maʿrifat ayyām al-bast, Maʿrifat-i sāʿāt-i bast (103r–104r); Persian treatise beginning with qāʿidat shuhūr bast, ascribed to Abū Isḥāq al-Kūbanānī (104r–105r); short comment on Qurʾān 67:5, with reference to the Almagest (105r); short fragment on samt al-qibla (105r); short anonymous geodetical extract (105v); geometrical comment on a statement from Ibn Sīnā’s Kitāb al-Shifāʾ (105v–106r); unidentified astronomical extracts (106v); fragment from al-Fārisī’s redaction of Ibn al-Haytham, Risāla fī l-Hāla wa qaws quzaḥ (107r); doxographical report about ‘solving what is unsolvable’ (fī ḥall mā lā yanḥall) related to Ptolemaic astronomy, referring to Ibn Sīnā’s ‘first student’ Abū ʿUbayd al-Jūzjānī, Ibn al-Haytham, al-Ṭūsī, Quṭb al-Dīn al-Shīrāzī, Muḥyī l-Dīn al-Maghribī, and Shams al-Dīn 〈al-Wābkanawī〉 al-Ḥimādhī (107r); khātimat hādhā khulāṣat mā atā bi-hi ahl al-hayʾa (107v–108r; possibly a continuation of the previous text); definitions of astronomical terms, ending with two notes giving the year of completion of al-Khafrī’s and al-Birjandī’s commentaries on al-Ṭūsī’s Tadhkira (108r–108v); anonymous, Fī stikhrāj quṭr al-kura (109r); fragmentary astronomical notes, one of them reporting the time between an observation by Menelaus and the era of Ptolemy as 41 years (108v); fragment from al-Nīsābūrī’s Shamsiyyat al-ḥisāb, accompanied by marginal notes from a commentary on al-Jaghminī (109v); anonymous astronomical text (110r); collection pertaining to material from Qāḍi-Zāda al-Rūmī’s commentary on al-Jaghminī (111r); material from al-Wābkanawī l-Ḥimādhī’s commentary on al-Ṭūsī’s Tadhkira (111v–112v); unidentified astronomical text (113r–113v); anonymous, min al-lawāmiʿ al-nūriyya (113v–114v); astronomical fragment, preceded by min muntahā (115r); extract from al-Fārisī’s redaction of Ibn al-Haytham, al-Manāẓir (115r–116r); glosses taken from a manuscript in the hand of Ghiyāth al-Dīn 〈al-Dasthakī〉, breaking off after Book I, accompanied by a comment on Ibn Sīnā’s Kitāb al-Shifāʾ (116r–116v); unidentified fragments (117r); Persian translation by Maḥmūd al-Harawī of Muḥammad b. Ashraf al-Samarqandī, Ashkāl al-taʾsīs (117v–133v, end missing); terminological definitions (134r); bibliographical notes on ʿAlī b. Muḥammad al-Jurjānī (135r). Blank: ff.1r–v, 4r, 6v–6bisv, 13v, 25r, 28v–29r, 75v, 82v–83r, 85v–86r, 93v, 110v, 116bis–116ter, 134v, 135v–136v.

Bibl.: William Cureton, Catalogus codicum manuscriptorum orientalium qui in Museo Britannico asservantur. Pars secunda, codices arabicos amplectens, London: British Museum, 1871, pp. 622–623 (no. mcccxlvi). — Qatar Digital Library: https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100022582060.0x000001; Islamic Scientific Manuscript Initiative: https://ismi.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/codex/290263.

83v–⁠84v

\83v\ قوله وممّا أوسع أقول بيان هذه الدعوى موقوف على مقدّمة وهي أنّ مساحة كلّ شكل متساوي الأضلاع يحصل من ضرب العمود الواقع من وسطه على ضلعه في نصف محيطه — \84v\ فلا يجوز أن يقع المجسّم داخلها ولا خارجها لما مرّ فيقع زوايا وخارجه وأوساط القواعد داخله. ويتمّ البرهان بعين تامّ.

= Niẓām al-Dīn al-Ḥasan al-Nīsābūrī, Tafsīr Taḥrīr al-Majisṭī (C.1.38)

. — Min Sharḥ al-Majisṭī fī bayān anna l-dāʾira awsaʿ al-ashkāl (83v). — Index: fragment commenting on Ptolemy’s argument in Almagest I.3 that a circle has a greater area than a regular polygon of the same perimeter and that the sphere has the largest volume of all solid bodies with the same surface area. — No colophon; three marginal corrections, one reference to an exemplar (84r).