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Escorial, Real Biblioteca del Monasterio de San Lorenzo, ár. 930

[Colour digital images of the textblock.]

Single work with an appendix: Arabic. Date:

undated; first half of the 6^th/12^th century, although Derenbourg gives the 8^th/14^th century.

Or.:

al-Andalus; copied by ʿAlī b. Aḥmad b. Mufarrij for his personal use (1r). The scribe can be identified as the Andalusī faqīh ʿAlī b. Aḥmad b. Mufarrij b. Ziyād al-Sayyārī, who also copied (khaṭṭa) Ibn Rushd al-Jadd’s (d. 520/1126) al-Bayān wa-l-taḥṣīl in 530/1136. Thus, Ibn Mufarrij was active during Jābir b. Aflaḥ’s lifetime (fl. first half of the 6^th/12^th century) or shortly after. It is very likely that this manuscript was copied when Jābir b. Aflaḥ was still alive, since the scribe refers to him as shaykh (1r). The formula raḥima-hu Allāh referring to Ibn Mufarrij is written on top of an erased one. Thus, it was changed upon Ibn Mufarrij’s passing away, which suggests that the manuscript was owned by him until his death or that the new owner knew him. See Bellver and Ibn ʿAbd al-Malik al-Marrākushī, al-Dhayl wa-l-takmila li-kitābay al-Mawṣūl wa-l-Ṣila, ed. M. b. Sharīfa and I. ʿAbbās, 5 vols. (I, IV, V, VI, VIII), Beirut: Dār al-thaqāfa, n.d./1984, vol. V, p. 181 (no. 355).

Prov.:

Statement of ownership by Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. Muḥammad b. Sūṣūr (?) (1r). Statement of ownership by Ibrahīm b. Muḥammad b. Ibrahīm b. ʿAbd Allāh (1r; he may be the Mālikī judge and muftī of Fes 〈Abū Isḥāq〉 Ibrahīm b. Muḥammad b. Ibrahīm b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Yaznāsī (d. 794/1391), since there is a blurred nisba on top of the statement that may be consistent with al-Yaznāsī; on him, see Muḥammad b. Muḥammad Makhlūf, Shajarat al-nūr al-zakiyya fī ṭabaqāt al-mālikiyya, 2 vols, Beirut: Dār al-kutub al-ʿilmiyya, 1424/2003, vol. I, p. 344 (no. 885)). Statement of ownership by Aḥmad b. Muḥammad (?) … al-Judhāmī (1r). At least one other illegible statement of ownership (1r). A statement of purchase for Muley Muḥammad Naṣr Allāh by his servant Muḥammad b. ʿĪsā (1r; Muley Muḥammad Naṣr Allāh probably refers to one of the twelve Nasrid sultans named Muḥammad who ruled Granada from the 7^th/13^th to the 9^th/15^th century, and thus this manuscript was probably part of the Nasrid palatine library). Old shelfmarks: ‘al-taʿlīm 1/4 al-ʿilm’ (in ghubār numerals), probably written by Muḥammad b. ʿĪsā (1r); ‘V.I.IV.4’ and ‘Cod. 870’ (1r); ‘V.C.2.’ and ‘num. 44’ with Latin title (2r).

Cod.: paper, 150 ff. (foliated with Arabic-European numerals in pencil at the top of rectos; catchwords at the end of quires). A single clear brown naskh hand with letters fāʾ and qāf dotted according to the western custom; partially dotted ductus with occasional vowels, hamzas and shaddas. Chapter headings and first words of paragraphs in bold without rubrication. Substantial diagrams in brown and red. Codex in acceptable condition; ink corrosion not hindering the reading, edges of first and last pages strongly damaged, some moisture stains throughout. Dimensions: 250×185 mm; 21 lines per page.

Cont.: astronomy. — Index: Ptolemaica (1r–140r); table of elements and natures related to the planets (141v); Ptolemaica (142r–150v); . Blank: 140v–141r.

Bibl.: Miguel Casiri, Bibliotheca Arabico-Hispana Escurialensis sive Librorum omnium Mss. quos Arabicè ab auctoribus magnam partem Arabo-Hispanis compositos Bibliotheca Coenobii Escurialensis complectitur, recensio & explanatio, 2 vols, Madrid: Antonius Perez de Soto, 1760–1770, vol. I, p. 367 (no. cmxxv); Hartwig Derenbourg and H.-P.-J. Renaud, Les manuscrits arabes de l’Escurial. Tome II. — fascicule 3: Sciences exactes et sciences occultes, Paris: Paul Geuthner, 1941, p. 39; María José Parra Pérez, ‘A Previously Unnoticed Appendix in the Iṣlāḥ al-Majisṭī by Jābir ibn Aflaḥ’, Suhayl 15 (2016–2017), pp. 113–128; José Bellver, ‘The Arabic Versions of Jābir b. Aflaḥ’s al-Kitāb fī l-Hayʾa’, in David Juste, Benno van Dalen, Dag Nikolaus Hasse and Charles Burnett (eds), Ptolemy’s Science of the Stars in the Middle Ages, Turnhout: Brepols, 2020, pp. 181–199, esp. pp. 192–193.

1r–⁠140r	\1v\ الحمد لله الأول بلا ابتداء الآخر بلا انتهاء الذي خلق الأشياء على غير نظير وقدّرها بحكمته أحسن تقدير. وصلّى الله على محمّد نبيه البشير وسراجه المنير الذي هدى به الخلائق وأبان به الحقائق. وبعد: فإن الله تعلى شرف نوع الإنسان وفصله على جميع أنواع الحيوان بالعقل — \140r\ فلذلك يختل أيضا هذا الظهور الصباحي ويبطل وإذا كان ذلك كذلك فإن سائر الظهورات المسائية والصباحية في هذين البرجين احرى بأن يختل ويبطل وذلك ما أردنا بيانه. تجز الكتب بحمد الله وعونه. وصلّى الله على محمّد وعلى آله وسلّم. = Jābir ibn Aflaḥ, al-Kitāb fī l-Hayʾa (C.1.14) . — Title: al-Nuskha al-kubrā min Kitāb al-Shaykh Abī Muḥammad Jābir b. Aflaḥ al-Ishbīlī fī l-hayʾa. Khaṭṭahu li-nafsi-hi ʿAlī b. Aḥmad b. Mufarrij, raḥima-hu Allāh (1r). — Additional titles: Astronomia Gebri (1r), Abu Mohamad Geber Sivilianus Astronomia. Caret fine, et aera, sed maximae antiquitans (2r), Abi Mohomad Giaber Liber inscritpus de Sphera (inside back cover). — Index: star table, 1r; preface, 1v–4v; Book I, 4r–17v; II, 18r–35v; III, 36r–42v; IV, 43r–58v; V, 59r–82r; VI, 82v–95v; VII, 96r–118r; VIII, 118v–126v; IX, 127r–140r. — Substantial collations of this manuscript with additional manuscripts (cf. f. 27v) and different versions, including that transmitted by MS Berlin, SBPK, Landberg 132. Minor collations with the Almagest (26v, 89r). Collations, corrections, alternative readings and glosses in the margins mostly by a single hand. As Parra has pointed out, a marginal note on f. 94v refers the reader to the appendix in the last quire, in which the section on the Milky Way, present in various manuscripts, is provided.
142v–⁠150v	[Appendix] \142v\ في صفة مواضع الفلك اللبني المسمى بالمحرّة فهذا ما نصفه من مراتب الكواكب الثابتة ونحن مضيفون إلى ذلك على ما يجب أحوال الدائرة اللبنية أيضا فنروم نعاته ما نقدر عليه وعلى حسب ما أدركناه بالرصد — \150v\ وأمّا الزمان الذي بين طلوع الكوكب أو غروبه وبين كلّ واحد من توسّطي السماء فهو في الكرة إذا كانت مائلة ليس زمانًا واحدًا ولعلى في الكوة إذا كانت. = Jābir ibn Aflaḥ, al-Kitāb fī l-Hayʾa (C.1.14) , appendix. — Title: Fī Ṣiffat mawāḍiʿ al-falak al-labanī al-musammā bi-l-Ma〈j〉arra (142v). — This section was first noticed by Parra. It was written by the same scribe as the main text and ends abruptly. As shown by Parra, a gloss in the margin of Book VI (94v) indicates that the text was based on different copies available to the scribe and that it was appended to the rest of the manuscript in a quire of different colour. Thus, it is very likely that it was added some time after the copy of the main text was completed.

1r–⁠140r

\1v\ الحمد لله الأول بلا ابتداء الآخر بلا انتهاء الذي خلق الأشياء على غير نظير وقدّرها بحكمته أحسن تقدير. وصلّى الله على محمّد نبيه البشير وسراجه المنير الذي هدى به الخلائق وأبان به الحقائق. وبعد: فإن الله تعلى شرف نوع الإنسان وفصله على جميع أنواع الحيوان بالعقل — \140r\ فلذلك يختل أيضا هذا الظهور الصباحي ويبطل وإذا كان ذلك كذلك فإن سائر الظهورات المسائية والصباحية في هذين البرجين احرى بأن يختل ويبطل وذلك ما أردنا بيانه. تجز الكتب بحمد الله وعونه. وصلّى الله على محمّد وعلى آله وسلّم.

= Jābir ibn Aflaḥ, al-Kitāb fī l-Hayʾa (C.1.14)

. — Title: al-Nuskha al-kubrā min Kitāb al-Shaykh Abī Muḥammad Jābir b. Aflaḥ al-Ishbīlī fī l-hayʾa. Khaṭṭahu li-nafsi-hi ʿAlī b. Aḥmad b. Mufarrij, raḥima-hu Allāh (1r). — Additional titles: Astronomia Gebri (1r), Abu Mohamad Geber Sivilianus Astronomia. Caret fine, et aera, sed maximae antiquitans (2r), Abi Mohomad Giaber Liber inscritpus de Sphera (inside back cover). — Index: star table, 1r; preface, 1v–4v; Book I, 4r–17v; II, 18r–35v; III, 36r–42v; IV, 43r–58v; V, 59r–82r; VI, 82v–95v; VII, 96r–118r; VIII, 118v–126v; IX, 127r–140r. — Substantial collations of this manuscript with additional manuscripts (cf. f. 27v) and different versions, including that transmitted by MS Berlin, SBPK, Landberg 132. Minor collations with the Almagest (26v, 89r). Collations, corrections, alternative readings and glosses in the margins mostly by a single hand. As Parra has pointed out, a marginal note on f. 94v refers the reader to the appendix in the last quire, in which the section on the Milky Way, present in various manuscripts, is provided.

142v–⁠150v

[Appendix] \142v\ في صفة مواضع الفلك اللبني المسمى بالمحرّة فهذا ما نصفه من مراتب الكواكب الثابتة ونحن مضيفون إلى ذلك على ما يجب أحوال الدائرة اللبنية أيضا فنروم نعاته ما نقدر عليه وعلى حسب ما أدركناه بالرصد — \150v\ وأمّا الزمان الذي بين طلوع الكوكب أو غروبه وبين كلّ واحد من توسّطي السماء فهو في الكرة إذا كانت مائلة ليس زمانًا واحدًا ولعلى في الكوة إذا كانت.

= Jābir ibn Aflaḥ, al-Kitāb fī l-Hayʾa (C.1.14)

, appendix. — Title: Fī Ṣiffat mawāḍiʿ al-falak al-labanī al-musammā bi-l-Ma〈j〉arra (142v). — This section was first noticed by Parra. It was written by the same scribe as the main text and ends abruptly. As shown by Parra, a gloss in the margin of Book VI (94v) indicates that the text was based on different copies available to the scribe and that it was appended to the rest of the manuscript in a quire of different colour. Thus, it is very likely that it was added some time after the copy of the main text was completed.