Work A.2.2
Ptolemy
كتاب أربع مقالات
Kitāb Arbaʿ maqālāt (tr. Ibrāhīm b. al-Ṣalt/Ḥunayn b. Isḥāq/Thābit b. Qurra)
Full title: Kitāb al-Arbaʿ maqālāt fī l-qaḍāʾ bi-l-nujūm ʿalā l-ḥawādith. Alternative titles: Kitāb al-Arbaʿ, al-Maqālāt al-arbaʿ, Kitāb al-Qaḍāʾ ʿalā l-ḥawādith, Kitāb li-l-Arbaʿ maqālāt li-Baṭlamyūs fī l-qaḍāʾ bi-l-nujūm ʿalā l-ḥawādith.
The most widespread Arabic translation of the Tetrabiblos is probably a revision by Ḥunayn b. Isḥāq (d. 260/873) of a lost translation from the Greek by Ibrāhīm b. al-Ṣalt (around 138/800), who does not appear in the manuscripts but is mentioned by Ibn al-Nadīm and Ibn al-Qifṭī. The text was most likely written under the patronship of the Abbasid caliphs in Baghdad, where also the earliest commentaries were produced. All extant Arabic commentaries on the Tetrabiblos, and probably also the lost ones by Thābit b. Qurra (d. 288/901) and al-Nayrīzī (d. c. 309/922), are based on this version. The work comprises: Book I, 24 chapters on general astrological principles; Book II, 13 chapters on mundane astrology; Book III, 14 chapters, and Book IV, 9 chapters, both on individual astrology and nativities.
Note Many manuscripts include additions by Thābit b. Qurra (d. 901) in the main text or in the margins; in some cases this leads to confusion in the incipits concerning the actual revisor of the work. In one instance the treatise is even misattributed to Thābit (London, BL, Or. 9115, which has Thabit ibn Kurrah. Arbaʿ maqālāt on the spine). The few witnesses without Thābit b. Qurra’s glosses appear to have been extracted from ʿAlī b. Riḍwān’s commentary (C.2.3; cf. the colophon in Tehran, Millī, Ar. 747).
Text: [Florence, BML, Or. 352]
[
[
[
[
Bibl.: Ibn al-Nadīm, al-Fihrist (ed. FlügelGustav Flügel, Kitâb al-Fihrist, 2 vols, Leipzig: Vogel, 1871–1872, p. 268; ed. SayyidAyman Fu’ād Sayyid, Kitāb al-Fihrist li-Abī l-Faraj Muḥammad bin Isḥāq al-Nadīm (allafa-hu sana 377 H), 4 vols, London: Al Furqan Islamic Heritage Foundation, 2009, vol. III, p. 215; tr. DodgeBayard Dodge, The Fihrist of al-Nadīm. A Tenth-Century Survey of Muslim Culture, 2 vols, New York / London: Columbia University Press, 1970, vol. II, p. 640); Ibn al-Qifṭī, Taʾrīkh al-ḥukamāʾ (ed. LippertJulius Lippert, Ibn al-Qifṭī’s Taʾrīḫ al-ḥukamā, Leipzig: Dieterich, 1903, pp. 97–98); Hājjī Khalīfa, Kashf al-ẓunūn (ed. FlügelGustav Flügel, Kashf al-ẓunūn ʿan asāmī al-kutub wa-l-funūn. Lexicon bibliographicum et encyclopaedicum a Mustafa ben Abdallah Katib Jelebi dicto et nomine Haji Khalifa celebrato compositum, 7 vols, Leipzig: Bentley / London: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland, 1835–1858, vol. VI, pp. 49–50; ed. YaltkayaŞerefettin Yaltkaya and Kilisli Rifat Bilge, Kashf al-ẓunūn ʿan asāmī l-kutub wa-l-funūn li-... Ḥajji Khalīfa ..., 2 vols, Istanbul: Maarif Matbaası, 1941–1943, vol. II, col. 1781; Ḥājjī Khalīfa mistakenly lists the author as Ḥunayn’s son Isḥāq b. Ḥunayn). — Moritz Steinschneider, ‘Die arabischen Uebersetzungen aus dem Griechischen. Zweiter Abschnitt: Mathematik’, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft 50 (1896), pp. 161–219 and 337–417, here pp. 207–209; SuterHeinrich Suter, Die Mathematiker und Astronomen der Araber und ihre Werke, Leipzig: Teubner, 1900, pp. 16–17 and 20; Ernst Honigmann, Die sieben Klimata und die πόλεις ἐπίσημοι. Eine Untersuchung zur Geschichte der Geographie und Astrologie im Altertum und Mittelalter, Heidelberg: Winter, 1929, p. 116; GAS VIIFuat Sezgin, Geschichte des arabischen Schrifttums, Vol. VII: Astrologie – Meteorologie und Verwandtes bis ca. 430 H., Leiden: Brill, 1979, pp. 42–44 and 134; UllmannManfred Ullmann, Die Natur- und Geheimwissenschaften im Islam, Leiden: Brill, 1972, pp. 282–283; MAOSICBoris A. Rosenfeld and Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu, Mathematicians, Astronomers, and other Scholars of Islamic Civilization and their Works (7th–19th c.), Istanbul: Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA), 2003, p. 58 (no. 114) (listed under Isḥāq b. Ḥunayn); EI³Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas and Everett Rowson, Encyclopaedia of Islam Three, 51 fascicules up to 2019, Leiden: Brill, 2007– article ‘Astrology’ by Charles Burnett. — Bojidar Dimitrov, ‘‘Fort. recte’: Witnesses to the Text of Ptolemy’s Tetrabiblos in Its Near Eastern Transmission’, in David Juste, Benno van Dalen, Dag Nikolaus Hasse and Charles Burnett (eds), Ptolemy’s Science of the Stars in the Middle Ages, Turnhout: Brepols, 2020, pp. 97–113.
Ed.: An edition of all four books, together with the version by al-Biṭrīq/ʿUmar b. al-Farrukhān (A.2.1), is in preparation by Keiji Yamamoto/Taro Mimura.
MSS |
---|