PAL

Ptolemaeus Arabus et Latinus

_ (the underscore) is the placeholder for exactly one character.
% (the percent sign) is the placeholder for no, one or more than one character.
%% (two percent signs) is the placeholder for no, one or more than one character, but not for blank space (so that a search ends at word boundaries).

At the beginning and at the end, these placeholders are superfluous.

Federico Commandino, In Planisphaerium Ptolemaei commentarius

Venice, Paulus Manutius Aldi, 1558 · 8v

Facsimile

ad basim trianguli per axim, vel ad eam, quae in eadem ipsi recta linea constituitur, et pariter continget cum portionis circuli ABCDLMNO diameter AL non sit in eadem recta linea, ipsi GF, nam sectiones non erunt, neque paraboles, neque hyperboles, neque circuli vel ellipsis portiones. Quare, quo pluribus lateribus constabunt figurae in circulo vel circuli portione descriptae, eo aptius formae in tabula delineabuntur ductis, scilicet, lineis curvis, quae earum angulos apposite coniungant, quemadmodum res ipsa exigere videatur.

Si superficies super horizontem elevata statuatur, sit primum ABCD rectangula, cuius latus BC sit commune tabulae et in eo plano situm, in quo linea GF. Alterum vero latus AD ita

elevetur, ut angulus elevationis sit aequalis angulo ABN; quare altitudo eius erit perpendicularis a puncto A vel D ducta ad ipsum planum, videlicet, linea AN vel DO. Sumatur igitur GL aequalis GB et GM aequalis GC, et ex GK sumpta, GH aequali ipsi NA per H ducatur HR aequidistans GF, quae secet EF in R. Iungan-